Bone Abstracts

Background: Some of the risk factors for osteoporosis population include: chronic immobilisation, insufficient dietary supply of calcium and vitamin D, decreased physical activity and long-term pharmacological treatment (glucocorticoids, anticonvulsant drugs). In disabled children and adolescents, the negative impact of these factors may cumulate to considerably impair the quality of life.Objectives: The aim of our study was to assess the vitamin D statu...

Synthetic glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone (Dex) are widely used for treatment of premature infants with chronic lung disease or respiratory distress syndrome or in allergic conditions such as asthma. Adverse effect of these treatments is glucocorticoids-induced osteoporosis. On the other hand there are functional foods, for instance 2-oxoglutaric acid (2-Ox) a precursor of hydroxyproline the prevailing amino acid in bone collagen, which reduce the risk of osteoporosis. T...

Surgical removal of the stomach (gastrectomy, Gx) leads to osteopenia in animals and in humans. In the rat, Gx causes loss of calvaria and trabecular bone, which can be reduced by 2-oxoglutaric acid (2-Ox), a precursor of hydroxyproline the most abundant amino acid in bone collagen. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects (if any) of Gx on articular cartilage and if dietary 2-Ox can protects against eventual adverse effects of Gx. Twenty female Sprague–Da...

Our earlier results indicate that prenatal exposure to dexamethasone, synthetic glucocorticoid, may disturb metabolic processes in skeletal system with long-term consequences. Functional foods show a beneficial action that improve the state of health and reduce the risk of disease. The study was performed to determine whether 2-oxoglutaric acid (2-Ox) can abolish the growth inhibiting effect of prenatally administered dexamethasone (DEX) manifested in the growth plate and arti...

Objectives: In the modern society, all individuals are exposed throughout life to a variety of chemicals, which may contribute significantly to the human disease burden. Most of these chemicals are transferred to the fetus in-utero and to the infant via mother’s milk. Until recently, few studies have addressed effects of chemicals on the development of mineralized tissues following exposure during these early stages of life. In this experimental study, we analyse...

Background: Recent data showed that some bone related markers (osteocalcin, 25OHD3) correlate with BMI in the pediatric population. From the other side, obesity in childhood can increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Increased oxidative stress can be one from the causative mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of almost every complication in obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between bone turnover markers, n...

Alagille syndrome is a multiorganic disorder, which particularly manifests itself with cholestasis, characteristic facial features, circulatory systems defects, defects of the front segment of the eye, dysplastic changes in bones and kidneys and impaired angiogenesis. The disease is caused by Jagged 1 gene mutation (JAG, 20p12 chromosome) which encodes ligand for Notch receptor. JAG/ Notch signaling pathway plays important evolutionary role in cell differentiation in organogen...

Acrylamide is a byproduct that forms when certain carbohydrate and aminoacid rich foods are fried, baked, or roasted at high temperatures (>120°C). Our earlier study showed that acrylamide altered the morphology and histology of the small intestinal wall damaging the intestinal barrier and reducing absorption surface. The study was performed to determine whether acrylamide influences gut-bone axis in foetus when administered to guinea pig during the last 35 days of pr...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic bone dysplasia characterized by recurrent fractures and reduced bone mineral density. The severity of its symptoms varied from very mild to severe, which strongly affect the quality of life and cause premature death.The aim of the study is to compare the clinical symptoms of different types of osteogenesis imperfecta and to present diagnostic difficulties based on the analysis of our patients.</p...

Glucocorticoids are the most commonly used drugs in medical therapy, released in stress and necessary for normal development in both humans and animals.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prenatally administered dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, on the histomorphometry of the femur in the offsprings of spiny mice, as a precocial species, characterized by high fertility, and the rapid development of the fetal, allowing th...